During the colonial era, India witnessed a surge in long-distance trade, with Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata experiencing a substantial increase in shipping tonnage. However, in recent times, neighboring countries have emerged as more efficient players in trade, prompting India to address challenges in its port infrastructure. The government's initiatives, such as the Sagarmala program, aim to enhance port efficiency, reduce logistics costs, and leverage water-borne transport, which currently constitutes only six percent of India's transport mix. Despite historical challenges, significant improvements have been made, with major ports experiencing a notable reduction in turnaround times. Private sector involvement and ongoing efforts to enhance efficiency will play a crucial role in determining India's resurgence as a key player in international trade.

IMAGE : GOOGLE